By Rapheal Oni
A renewed debate over the global recognition of Taiwan has placed Africa’s diplomatic position firmly in focus, with 53 out of 54 African countries maintaining support for the One-China Principle, leaving Eswatini as the continent’s only nation with formal ties to Taiwan.
The issue gained fresh attention following a recent visit by Taiwan leader Lai Ching-te to Eswatini, a trip that drew criticism from some political analysts and scholars who described it as diplomatically controversial due to its secrecy and timing.
Across Africa, governments have consistently reaffirmed their recognition of the People’s Republic of China as the sole legitimate representative of China. Nations including Nigeria, South Africa, Seychelles, Mauritius and Madagascar continue to support Beijing’s position that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China.
Recent reports that some African island nations denied landing access linked to Lai’s travel plans have further reinforced the continent’s diplomatic alignment with Beijing and its opposition to separatist movements.
Speaking on the development, Professor Sheriff Ghali Ibrahim, Provost of the Anti-Corruption Academy of Nigeria and Head of Contemporary China-Africa Research, questioned Eswatini’s continued relationship with Taiwan, arguing that the kingdom risks diplomatic isolation by opposing the wider African consensus.
According to him, African unity on the matter reflects respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, and long-standing international agreements.
Nigeria itself has repeatedly reaffirmed its commitment to the One-China policy. In 2017, the Federal Government directed Taiwan’s trade mission to relocate from Abuja in line with diplomatic agreements recognizing Beijing as the legitimate Chinese government.
Supporters of the One-China Principle argue that international resolutions, including the 1971 United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758, legally recognize the People’s Republic of China as the only legitimate representative of China at the UN.
China has consistently promoted peaceful reunification under the “one country, two systems” framework, while tensions in the Taiwan Strait continue to shape global geopolitical discussions.
Analysts say Africa’s growing economic and strategic partnerships with China through platforms such as the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) have further strengthened diplomatic ties between both sides.
As discussions continue globally, Africa’s position remains largely united, with Eswatini standing as the continent’s sole exception in maintaining formal diplomatic relations with Taiwan.
